Box Type
This caisson is in the shape of a square or rectangle. The structure has a bottom and sides all the way around, but there is no top on the caisson. Most of these columns need weighing down, so concrete or anchors are put in place for stability. Often, this caisson is a prebuild that is put in place instead of being built on-site. Engineers can even outfit these structures with a GPS unit that helps position the caisson in the exact spot the engineer determines is suitable.
Pneumatic Caissons
These underground structures are easy to put on the site without using water to get the caisson in place. Most of these units use pressurizing systems where workers can descend to a workspace that remains safe. The pressure stops soil and water from moving into the work area. Engineers may use this caisson type in an area with unstable conditions or under an existing foundation.
Monolithic Versions
These caissons are mainly used in docks and areas where there is boat storage. It is like an open caisson, but this type is often huge. The top of this structure is open like the box and open versions.
Open Caissons
This particular structure is the primary choice of engineering firms. This caisson uses the weight of the material to dig into the soft ground until it reaches the necessary depth. These caissons can be put in the ground by filling it with concrete or using a hydraulic jack. Water ballasts are another method of placing open caissons. Since this structure does not have a bottom, it can become filled with water. Using a crane or an excavator to dip a bucket into the caisson usually removes the excess seepage. Pumps can help situations where these caissons refill too fast.
Three More Caisson Types
- Structural caissons -
hollow cylinders with a concrete fill
- Ventilation structures -
often for use in places with hazardous materials that need several layers of filtration
- Boat lifts -
canal lifts for moving boats from one water area to another
Geotechnical Engineers Oversee Caisson Design and Installation
Our specialty teams provide engineering services for caisson installation for large and small corporations. We work with private and public corporations that have a need for sub-level testing, soil compaction services, and caisson installation. Our engineering team determines the type and size of caisson necessary for the project. For instance, a building that needs a more solid foundation to deal with eroding earth requires a vastly different technology than an underwater utility station or bridge.
Caissons are put in the ground by pushing them through soft mud or dirt until reaching bedrock. In cases where bedrock is too deep, then operators can put caissons to depths where they reach a hard mud layer. These projects require stringent quality control. Strict safety measures and an approved permit are necessary from local regulating bodies.
Leading Caisson Consulting Service
At Kagaoan Engineering, our engineers and architects can help your business with underground stability and caisson placement. Our team of experts begins each project with a discovery phase where we speak to the project leaders and tour the job site. We discover the scope of the work to help determine the tools, testing, and site needs of the job. We help your team with soil samples, groundwater identification, and site stabilization investigations before placing structures. Our team of engineers has many years of experience working in and around New York. We understand local requirements and permit processes, allowing us to help you get to digging faster.
To find out more about our subsurface structures, testing, and excavation services, please
contact us. We look forward to helping you with your engineering project.